Analysis of different Explosive substance
Shabina Fatma, Kiran Kumari
Department of Forensic Science, Jharkhand Raksha Shakti University, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India – 834008.
*Corresponding Author E-mail: shabinafatma2022@gmail.com
Abstract:
Explosive wing: An explosion is a chemical reaction which is basically exothermic in nature, the products get heated up to extremely high temperature and exert high pressure that shatters the confining walls. The explosion reactions are rapid, and are associated with oxidation reaction. Releasing heat, light and large volume of gas. Explosive material: Consists of chemical compounds or their mixture which when subjected to sudden shock (mechanical or thermal) get oxidised, Releases huge amount of energy in a extremely short period of time (which can be observed in the form of explosion)
KEYWORDS: Explosive substance, explosion, exothermic.
INTRODUCTION:
The analysis of explosives involves the examination and opinion on explosives (Civil, Military and IEDs) and explosive devices used in crime, riots, police firing, encounters etc., This division also helps the investigating agencies in the re-construction of scene of crime/ explosion etc., This Division is equipped with sophisticated instruments for conducting the analysis.1
Explosive material contain nitro/ or nitrate group
Common feature favouring these functional groups is a facilitation of oxygen
So that combustion should take place even though thhe reactants are confined.
Azide group is an exception to this.
Requisite for explosive material
It must contain at least one chemical bond
Must be stable under ordinary conditions of storage i.e. the explosives must not be volatile.
It must be economically feasible.2-4
Must have a positive oxygen balance.
Rate of reaction should be quite high
End product of explosives must be gases having low molecular weight which will give rise to high volume change5-6
Experiment: Add a few drops of dilute hydrochloric acid (HCl) to the original solution.
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Cation |
Positive Result |
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Lead (Pb2+) |
Formation of a white precipitate |
CONFIRMATORY TEST FOR LEAD
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Lead (Pb2+) |
(i) Add potassium iodide (KI) to the original solution (ii) Add potassium chromate (K2CrO4) to the original solution |
Formation of a yellow precipitate (for both the tests) |
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Test For Nitrate |
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Nitrate (NO3–) |
Mix the water extract with iron (II) sulphate solution (FeSO4) and add one drop of concentrated nitric acid (HNO3) along the side of the test tube. |
Formation of a brown ring at the junction of the acid and the solution. |
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION:
Sample is examined for odour, colour, consistency and any visually observables ingredients. Ingredients with characteristic odour such as mononitrotoulene may often be detected at this stage. The colour and consistency may guide to find the general type of particular explosive. Some ingredients such as fragments / components of the device (pipe/ container/ wires/ wrappers/ fuses/ parts of timing devices/ batteries etc) can be readily identified by their characteristic appearance. Visible contaminants can also be observed at this stage
REFERENCES:
1. M. Houck Max. A Siegel Jay; 'fundamental of forensic Medicine and Toxicology'; 335-337.
2. Sharma B.R. 'Forensic Science in Criminal Investigation and Trials'; 4th edn; 834-837.
3. V. Shankar et al; Forensic Sci. Int.,40; 1989; 45-55
4. Saferstein R; 'Criminalistics-An Introduction to forensic Science', 6th Edn. Prentice Hall, New Jersey; 1998.
5. Reddy K.S. Narayan; 'The essentials of forensic Medicine and Toxicology'; 6th edn., 1997; 473-491.
6. M.L. Puttermans et al: 'Analytical Chemistry'; 67; 1984
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Received on 27.07.2023 Modified on 31.08.2023 Accepted on 20.09.2023 ©A&V Publications All right reserved Research J. Science and Tech. 2023; 15(4):215-216. DOI: 10.52711/2349-2988.2023.00036 |
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